Entra / Microsoft 365 ยท Exchange Online
Report room mailbox usage
Reports how busy room and workspace mailboxes are using Microsoft Graph calendar data, including daily usage patterns.
Connect & set up
Run these once per session. All scopes are read-only unless the script makes changes.
Connect-MgGraph -NoWelcome -TenantId $TenantId -ClientId $AppId -CertificateThumbprint $CertThumbPrint
Run it
The main script. Copy it, or download the .ps1 and run it from your console.
param([string] $TenantId = "",[string] $AppId = "",[int] $LookbackDays = 60,[string] $StartDate = (Get-Date).AddDays(-$LookbackDays),[string] $EndDate = (Get-Date).AddDays(1))function Get-GraphData {# Based on https://danielchronlund.com/2018/11/19/fetch-data-from-microsoft-graph-with-powershell-paging-support/# GET data from Microsoft Graph.param ([parameter(Mandatory = $true)]$AccessToken,[parameter(Mandatory = $true)]$Uri)# Check if authentication was successful.if ($AccessToken) {$Headers = @{'Content-Type' = "application\json"'Authorization' = "Bearer $AccessToken"'ConsistencyLevel' = "eventual" }# Create an empty array to store the result.$QueryResults = @()# Invoke REST method and fetch data until there are no pages left.do {$Results = ""$StatusCode = ""do {try {$Results = Invoke-RestMethod -Headers $Headers -Uri $Uri -UseBasicParsing -Method "GET" -ContentType "application/json"$StatusCode = $Results.StatusCode} catch {$StatusCode = $_.Exception.Response.StatusCode.value__if ($StatusCode -eq 429) {Write-Warning "Got throttled by Microsoft. Sleeping for 45 seconds..."Start-Sleep -Seconds 45}else {Write-Error $_.Exception}}} while ($StatusCode -eq 429)if ($Results.value) {$QueryResults += $Results.value}else {$QueryResults += $Results}$uri = $Results.'@odata.nextlink'} until (!($uri))# Return the result.$QueryResults}else {Write-Error "No Access Token"}}function GetAccessToken {# function to return an Oauth access token# Define the values applicable for the application used to connect to the Graph (these are dummy values just to show how)$AppSecret = '_O28Q~.QZNE5QJ4pOCaxqTSx13dbkDI2_2Ns5blI'# Construct URI and body needed for authentication$uri = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/$tenantId/oauth2/v2.0/token"$body = @{client_id = $AppIdscope = "https://graph.microsoft.com/.default"client_secret = $AppSecretgrant_type = "client_credentials"}# Get OAuth 2.0 Token$tokenRequest = Invoke-WebRequest -Method Post -Uri $uri -ContentType "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -Body $body -UseBasicParsing# Unpack Access Token$Global:Token = ($tokenRequest.Content | ConvertFrom-Json).access_tokenReturn $Token}Function Generate-DayString {[cmdletbinding()]Param([string]$InputDay,[int]$DayEvents,[int]$TotalEvents)$Balls = ($DayEvents/$TotalEvents) * 100$PercentEvents = ($DayEvents/$TotalEvents).toString("P")[int]$P = ($Balls/2)If ($Balls -eq 0) { $G = $Null} Else {[int]$i = 0; [string]$G = $NullDo {$G = $G + "o"; $i++} While ($i -lt $P)}$OutputString = ("{0} events: {1} ({2}) `t{3}>" -f $InputDay, $DayEvents, $PercentEvents, $G)Return $OutputString}# End functions - start doing some real work#$Token = GetAccessTokenIf (!($Token)) {Write-Host "Can't get a valid Entra ID access token - exiting" ; break}$Headers = @{'Content-Type' = "application\json"'Authorization' = "Bearer $Token"'ConsistencyLevel' = "eventual" }$Start = Get-Date($StartDate) -format s$End = Get-Date($EndDate) -format s$ReportingPeriodDays = (($EndDate - $StartDate).Days)-1# Find room mailboxes - this ignores room mailboxes marked as workspaces$Uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/V1.0/places/microsoft.graph.room"[Array]$RoomMailboxes = Get-GraphData -Uri $Uri -AccessToken $TokenIf (!($RoomMailboxes)) {Write-Host "No room mailboxes found - exiting" ; break}# Find workspaces$Uri = "https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/places/microsoft.graph.workspace"[array]$WorkSpaces = Get-GraphData -Uri $Uri -AccessToken $Token# Combine workspaces with room mailboxes if any are foundIf ($WorkSpaces) {$RoomMailboxes = $RoomMailboxes + $WorkSpaces}$RoomMailboxes = $RoomMailboxes | Where-Object {$_.EmailAddress -ne $Null}Write-Host ("Scanning room mailboxes for calendar events from {0} to {1}" -f $StartDate, $EndDate)$CalendarInfo = [System.Collections.Generic.List[Object]]::new()ForEach ($Room in $RoomMailboxes) {$Data = $false # Assume no data in the targeted range$Uri = ("https://graph.microsoft.com/V1.0/users/{0}/calendar/calendarView?startDateTime={1}&endDateTime={2}" -f $Room.emailAddress, $Start, $End)[array]$CalendarData = Get-GraphData -Uri $Uri -AccessToken $Token# Drop cancelled events - if you want to exclude private events from the set, use Where-Object {$_.isCancelled -eq $False -and $_.sensitivity -ne "private"}$CalendarData = $CalendarData | Where-Object {$_.isCancelled -eq $False}# This code makes sure that we only attempg to report data when the Graph returns some calendar data for the roomIf (!($CalendarData) -or $CalendarData[0].'@odata.context') {$Data = $false} Else {$Data = $true}If ($Data) {Write-Host ("Found {0} calendar events for the {1} room" -f $CalendarData.Count, $Room.DisplayName)ForEach ($Event in $CalendarData) {[datetime]$MeetingStart = Get-Date($Event.start.datetime)[datetime]$MeetingEnd = Get-Date($Event.end.datetime)# Calculate meeting duration in minutes. If it's an all-day event, use 480 minutesIf ($Event.IsAllDay -eq $False) {$Duration = ($MeetingEnd - $MeetingStart).TotalMinutes} Else {$Duration = 480}[array]$AllAttendees = ($Event.Attendees | Where-Object {$_.Type -ne "resource"} )[array]$RequiredAttendees = ($Event.Attendees | Where-Object {$_.Type -eq "required"})[array]$OptionalAttendees = ($Event.Attendees | Where-Object {$_.Type -eq "optional"})# Create output line - add one to the total attendees to account for the organizer$DataLine = [PSCustomObject] @{Room = $Room.displayNameMail = $Room.emailAddressType = $Event.typeOrganizer = $Event.organizer.emailaddress.nameOrganizerEmail = $Event.organizer.emailaddress.addressCreated = Get-Date($Event.createdDateTime) -format gModified = Get-Date($Event.lastModifiedDateTime) -format gTimeZone = $Event.originalStartTimeZoneSubject = $Event.SubjectAllDay = $Event.IsAllDayOnline = $Event.isOnlineMeetingOnlineProvider = $Event.onlineMeetingProviderStart = Get-Date($MeetingStart) -format gEnd = Get-Date($MeetingEnd) -format gDay = (Get-Date($MeetingStart)).DayOfWeekDuration = $DurationLocation = $event.location.displaynameRequiredAttendees = $RequiredAttendees.emailaddress.name -join ", "OptionalAttendees = $OptionalAttendees.emailaddress.name -join ", "TotalAttendees = $AllAttendees.CountRequired = $RequiredAttendees.CountOptional = $OptionalAttendees.CountTotalAtEvent = $AllAttendees.Count + 1EventId = $Event.Id }$CalendarInfo.Add($DataLine)} #End ForEach Event} #End if} #End ForEach Room$TotalEvents = $CalendarInfo.Count[array]$TopRooms = $CalendarInfo | Group-Object Room -NoElement | Sort-Object Count -Descending | Select-Object Name, Count[array]$TopOrganizers = $CalendarInfo | Group-Object Organizer -NoElement | Sort-Object Count -Descending | Select-Object Name, Count[array]$OnlineMeetings = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Online -eq $True}[array]$Rooms = $CalendarInfo | Sort-Object Room -Unique | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Room$PercentOnline = ($OnlineMeetings.Count/$TotalEvents).toString("P")# Calculate per-room summary data$RoomSummary = [System.Collections.Generic.List[Object]]::new()ForEach ($Room in $Rooms) {[array]$RoomData = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room}[array]$RoomOnlineEvents = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Online -eq $True}[array]$RoomAllDayEvents = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.AllDay -eq $True}$TotalMinutes = ($RoomData.Duration | measure-object -sum).Sum$TotalRoomAttendees = ($RoomData.TotalAtEvent | Measure-Object -Sum).Sum$AverageDuration = $TotalMinutes/$RoomData.Count$AverageAttendees = $TotalRoomAttendees/$RoomData.Count$AverageEventsPerDay = $RoomData.Count/$ReportingPeriodDays$OverAllUsage = ($RoomData.Count/$CalendarInfo.Count).toString("P")# Extract meetings for each day of the week[array]$Monday = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Monday"}[array]$Tuesday = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Tuesday"}[array]$Wednesday = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Wednesday"}[array]$Thursday = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Thursday"}[array]$Friday = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Friday"}[array]$Saturday = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Saturday"}[array]$Sunday = $RoomData | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Sunday"}# Generate a basic graph for the room usage per day$MondayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Monday" -DayEvents $Monday.Count -TotalEvents $RoomData.Count$TuesdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Tuesday" -DayEvents $Tuesday.Count -TotalEvents $RoomData.Count$WednesdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Wednesday" -DayEvents $Wednesday.Count -TotalEvents $RoomData.Count$ThursdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Thursday" -DayEvents $Thursday.Count -TotalEvents $RoomData.Count$FridayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Friday" -DayEvents $Friday.Count -TotalEvents $RoomData.Count$SaturdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Saturday" -DayEvents $Saturday.Count -TotalEvents $RoomData.Count$SundayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Sunday" -DayEvents $Sunday.Count -TotalEvents $RoomData.Count$RoomDataLine = [PSCustomObject] @{Room = $RoomEvents = $RoomData.Count"Avg Events/day" = $AverageEventsPerDay.ToString("#.##")"Total Minutes" = $TotalMinutes"Avg Event Duration" = $AverageDuration.Tostring("#.#")"Online Events" = $RoomOnlineEvents.Count"All-day Events" = $RoomAllDayEvents.Count"Total attendees" = $TotalRoomAttendees"Average attendees" = $AverageAttendees.Tostring("#.#")"% Overall use" = $OverAllUsageMonday = $MondayOutputTuesday = $TuesdayOutputWednesday = $WednesdayOutputThursday = $ThursdayOutputFriday = $FridayOutputSaturday = $SaturdayOutputSunday = $SundayOutput}$RoomSummary.Add($RoomDataLine)}# Generate the overall usage pattern across all rooms[array]$Monday = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Monday"}[array]$Tuesday = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Tuesday"}[array]$Wednesday = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Wednesday"}[array]$Thursday = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Thursday"}[array]$Friday = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Friday"}[array]$Saturday = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Saturday"}[array]$Sunday = $CalendarInfo | Where-Object {$_.Day -eq "Sunday"}$MondayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Monday" -DayEvents $Monday.Count -TotalEvents $TotalEvents$TuesdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Tuesday" -DayEvents $Tuesday.Count -TotalEvents $TotalEvents$WednesdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Wednesday" -DayEvents $Wednesday.Count -TotalEvents $TotalEvents$ThursdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Thursday" -DayEvents $Thursday.Count -TotalEvents $TotalEvents$FridayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Friday" -DayEvents $Friday.Count -TotalEvents $TotalEvents$SaturdayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Saturday" -DayEvents $Saturday.Count -TotalEvents $TotalEvents$SundayOutput = Generate-DayString -InputDay "Sunday" -DayEvents $Sunday.Count -TotalEvents $TotalEventsWrite-Host ""Write-Host ("Meeting Room Statistics from {0} to {1}" -f $StartDate, $EndDate)Write-Host "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"Write-Host ""Write-Host "Total events found: " $TotalEventsWrite-Host "Online events: " $OnlineMeetings.Count "" $PercentOnlineWrite-Host ""Write-Host "Most popular rooms"Write-Host "------------------"$TopRooms | Format-Table Name, Count -AutoSizeWrite-Host "Most active meeting organizers"Write-Host "------------------------------"$TopOrganizers | Format-Table Name, Count -AutoSizeWrite-Host ""Write-Host "Daily usage pattern across all room mailboxes"$MondayOutput$TuesdayOutput$WednesdayOutput$ThursdayOutput$FridayOutput$SaturdayOutput$SundayOutputWrite-Host ""Write-Host "Individual Room Statistics"Write-Host "--------------------------"$RoomSummary | Format-Table Room, Events, "Avg events/day", "Total minutes", "Avg Event Duration", "Total Attendees", "Average Attendees" -AutoSizeForEach ($Room in $Rooms) {Write-Host ("Daily usage pattern for {0}" -f $Room)$RoomSummary | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Monday$RoomSummary | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Tuesday$RoomSummary | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Wednesday$RoomSummary | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Thursday$RoomSummary | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Friday$RoomSummary | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Saturday$RoomSummary | Where-Object {$_.Room -eq $Room} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty SundayWrite-Host ""}
Parameters
ParameterDefaultNotes
-TenantId""Microsoft Entra tenant ID for app-only Graph authentication.-AppId""Application (client) ID for the app registration used to connect.-LookbackDays60Number of days of calendar events to analyze for room utilization.-StartDate(Get-Date).AddDays(-60)Start of the reporting window.-EndDate(Get-Date).AddDays(1)End of the reporting window.Attribution
Author
Office365itpros